Klonoff DC, Evans ML, Lane W et al (2019) A randomized, multicentre trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of fast-acting insulin aspart in continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in adults with type 1 diabetes (onset 5). Diabetes Obes Metab 21: 961–7
- Insulin pump therapy can improve glycaemic control and reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes; however, as only about a third of these individuals achieve a target HbA1c of <53 mmol/mol (<7%), there is a need to develop insulins with actions that more closely resemble physiological insulin in addition to using modern insulin delivery and monitoring systems.
- Onset 5 aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fast-acting insulin aspart (Fiasp) compared to insulin aspart when administered via pump therapy in people with type 1 diabetes.
- A total of 472 participants were randomised to Fiasp or insulin aspart for 16 weeks to compare their effects on baseline HbA1c (the primary endpoint). A bolus was administered at the start of each meal and change in post-prandial glucose was measured.
- Sixteen weeks after randomisation, researchers found that baseline HbA1c had dropped from 61.7 mmol/mol (7.8%) in both arms at the start of the trial to 57.8 mmol/mol (7.44%) in the Fiasp group and 56.8 mmol/mol (7.35%) in the insulin aspart group. Fiasp resulted in a greater 1-hour post-prandial glucose change as well as a greater risk of severe hypoglycaemia within an hour of receiving the mealtime bolus.
- Researchers declared Fiasp to be non-inferior to insulin aspart. No significant difference was found in the proportion of participants achieving target HbA1c. They concluded that the drop in post-prandial glucose levels reflected the faster onset of action and early glucose-lowering effect of Fiasp.
- Fiasp led to a superior post-prandial glucose reduction compared to insulin aspart and was found to be safe and effective for administration via pump in people with type 1 diabetes.
Attempts to achieve remission, or at least a substantial improvement in glycaemic control, should be the initial focus at type 2 diabetes diagnosis.
9 May 2024