Novel oral glucose-lowering drugs, compared to insulin, were associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and severe hypoglycaemia. The novel glucose-lowering drug group was associated with 44%, 15% and 74% lower risk of all-cause mortality CVD and hypoglycaemia compared to insulin group, respectively.
Dapagliflozin, the only sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor available in Sweden where the study took place, was associated with lower risk of both all-cause mortality and CVD, whereas the dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitor class was only associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality.
The cohort comprised all people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in Sweden between 2013–2014, totalling over 37000 people. Over 21000 people were matched to novel versus insulin groups with a median follow-up time of approximately 1.5 years and national prescribing and case-of-death registers were examined. Risk of mortality was estimated using Cox-regression models.
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