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Case studies
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Brought to you by Diabetes & Primary Care, the three mini-case studies presented below take you through what it is necessary to consider in identifying and managing steroid-induced hyperglycaemia. Each scenario provides a different set of circumstances that you could meet in your everyday practice. By actively engaging with them, you will feel more confident and empowered to manage effectively such problems in the future.

  1. American Diabetes Association (2020) 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care 43(Suppl 1): S14–S31
  2. WHO, IDF (2006) Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycaemia: Report of a WHO/IDF consultation. Available at: https://bit.ly/2PtZbTu (accessed 05.03.21)
  3. Evans P, Sidaway-Lee K (2015) Clinical presentations and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes & Primary Care 17: 36–43 (https://bit.ly/38dSwDw)
  4. NHS England (2021) Healthier Your: NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme. Available at: https://bit.ly/3r94HIx (accessed 23.03.21)
  5. John WG, Hillson R, Alberti SG (2012) Use of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The implementation of World Health Organisation (WHO) guidance 2011. Practical Diabetes 29: 12–12a
  6. WHO (2011) Use of Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. Abbreviated Report of a WHO Consultation. Available at: https://bit.ly/2PyeSsR (accessed 05.03.21)
  7. NICE (2015) Type 2 diabetes in adults: management (NG28). Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng28 (accessed 05.03.21)
  8. Chatterton A, Younger T, Fischer A, Khunti K (2012) Risk identification and interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes in adults at high risk: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 345: 42–4
  9. Continho M, Gerstein HC, Wang Y, Yusuf S (1999) The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. Diabetes Care 22: 233–40
  10. UKPDS Group (1998) Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared to conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 352: 837–53
  11. Selvin E, Steffes MW, Zhu H et al (2010) Glycated hemoglobin, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults. N Engl J Med 362: 800–11
  1. de Lusignan S, Sadek N, Mulnier H et al (2012) Miscoding, misclassification and misdiagnosis of diabetes in primary care. Diabet Med 29: 181–9
  1. NICE (2012) Type 2 diabetes: prevention in people at high risk (PH38). Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ph38 (accessed 05.03.21)
  2. Diabetes UK (2021) Type 2 Diabetes: Know Your Risk. Available at: https://riskscore.diabetes.org.uk/start (accessed 23.03.21)

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